Ventilator.



E. E. GOLD.

VENTILATOR. APILIUATIOH TILED SEPT. 28, 1909.

Patented Feb.'28,19.1 1.

FIG.

INVENTOR FIG. 4.

WITNESSES:

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.l ators,

EDWARD GOLD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed September 28, 1909.

Patented Feb. 28, 1911. Serial No. 519,934.

I '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD E. GOLD, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventiof which the following is a specification.

This invention aims to provide certain improvements in ventilators of the type in which the wind causes a suction and withdrawal of air from within a car or other compartment.

In the particular form illustrated the device is an improvement upon a type of ventilators in common use for ventilating railway carriages. By this improvement ventilators of old types can be made much more efiicient with very little change, and new ventilators of the improved type can be made as cheaply or more cheaply than those of the old style and of less weight.

Other features of advantage are referred to in detail hereinafter.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a ventilator; Fig. 2 is partly an end elevation and partly a section of the same on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a top view thereof; Fig. l is a longitudinal section; Fig. 5 is a cross-section through the top of a car showing the manner of applying the ventilator thereto; Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section illustrating the manner of applying the invention to an old ventilator.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated, the outlet of the air to be withdrawn is an annular space A, across which extends an annular hood B providing lateral passages C across the outlet A. The members D are of conical shape with their bases toward each other, and spaced apart to form the annular outlet A, the annular hood being supported by having its ends attached to the pipe The outlet A is not a complete annulus, nor is the hood B, nor are the bases of the cones D complete circles, and the terms annular and circular are to be understood as including a partial annulus or a partial circle. The apparatus is doubleended to receive the wind upon either end, the wind being caiised principally by the movement of the car which of course advances at different times in opposite directions. It is applied to the top of the roof of a carriage in the vertical position, or is applied in sidewise position shown in Fig. 5 in which G indicates the upper portion of the roof, H the lower portion and J the approximately vertical deck plate connecting the two portions of the roof end in which is located the transom K adapted to be swung open to a greater or less extent to permit the escape of bad air out through the ventilator,

and to restrict the quantity of air so escaping. A battle is arranged across the path of the wind in advance of the lateral passages between the ventilator outlet and the hood. Where a double-ended type of apparatus is desired, there should be a battle at both sides of the hood so as to work equally with a wind coming from either direction. Such a baflie for example may be the plate L extending beyond the edges of the conical members D, each member D being preferably a frustum instead of a complete cone, and the member L constituting the smaller base of the frustum and extending beyond the same as shown. The members L are of circular shape and are stiffened by ribs M and connected to the hood B at the top and sides by means of flat bars N turned up at the ends and riveted to the members L and B. The hood B is preferably provided also with a rib 0 extending around it between its forward and rear edges. This stiffened rib and the several connections N, as well as the connections of the hood at its lower ends to the pipe E, makes it possible to make the hood of very light sheet metal, notwithstanding the strain of high winds to which it is subjected. Likewise the attachment of the baflie plates L near their outer edges to the hood and to each other, stiffens the structure very much without seriously interfering with the free passage of air therethrougl'i, and makes it possible to build it of comparatively light sheet metal. The manner of constructing the apparatus, however, may be considerably varied. Ventilators similar in shape but having the conical members D extending completely out to an apex and having no baffle plates, are manufactured of cast iron. Such ventilators might be readily converted into a shape utilizing much of the advantageof the present invention by casting them wlt-h a baffle plate similar to the plate L. When made of sheet metal the ventilator may be stamped out in parts and riveted as shown in Fig. 4, or it may be stamped in parts which are individually of different-shapes from those shown, and the: parts-may be riveted or soldered or otherwise fastened together. i

WVhere the improved apparatus is to be made from- :ven-t-ilators already in existence; the baflie plate L (Fig 6-) may be formed as a flange upon a cone Padapted to fit over the end of the conical member D, and to be fastenedthereon by a .screw or other'suitable means. This insuresthat th'ere shall'be no leakage" of wind between the inn'er edge of the" platefIf and the cone D 'to' which it is attached, an important point in maintainingi'high efficiency; I I The exact shape of the b'aflie', its dimenv sions'an'dits location relatively to the other 'parts'ofthe apparatus, are'important'to the securing ofi'h'igh efficiency. With b'aflles of the construction, di'menslons andlocation. shown in the drawlngs (and'varying 1n d1- ..a'meter) I have secured; very; high eflieien-v 'cles 111. a number of experlments- The highest efliciency was obtained with the baffles of 'th 'e di al'netershown, andlprefer this construction, shape and proportions for a ventilatorwhere the pipe E is four inches 7 internal diameter (the drawing showing the other dimensions to true scale),'-.thisbeing the size generally used for railway carriages. Withsuch" a ventilator Ii have made numerous tests andhave found that the addi-' tion of thebafli'es L largelytincreases'the velocity of bad air withdrawn through the pipe Elfor a given velocity ofwinds Ifhave found 'a small increase in efficiency by removing 'the bane L at the side opposite that from which the wind arrives, and it would be advantageous therefore to use an apparatus with a baflie at'onlyone end wherever feasible, as where the wind for operating the ventilatortarrives always in the same direction or where the apparatus can be swiveled andmad'e to face the wind from whatever direction it' comes, like a weather vane. Variousother modifications in detail and in the arrangement and combination of the parts maybe made by, those skilled'in the art, without departure from the invention, even though'not obtaining the very hi-ghest eflio'iency. Besides its 'function of increasingthe draft the baflle L serves to deflect Cinders and 'dustaway from the mouth of the ventilator. Any cinders entering be-- tweenithe cones are also deflected by the outcoming air and caught behind the end of the pipe which projects into the cones.

VV'hen the apparatus is arranged hbrizon tally as in Fig. 5 the conical members D- catch-practically all therain which may. blowin andconduct'it downward and'out" through the passage Alat the under sid 'The upward extension of the pipe/EKM its, connection with the conica embers serves, when the apparatus is, arranged' --tically-,- to prevent the flowing of water from within the cones down into the pipe E, deflecting any such water and causing it to flow-out at the sides between the two conical "members.

' WVha-t I'claim is l. A windoperatedventilator having a transverse hoodover" its outlet and curved about an axis approximately parallel with the general direction ofth'ewind, aconical deflectorwith its base within said hood and its smaller end 'extendi'ng'forward so as to tend to deflectithe Wind toward the annular space between the 'hood and the base of the deflector, and a bafitle extending about said: deflector beyond theouter end ofsaid annuglar space.

2. A" wind operated-ventilator having an inlet" pipe, for the air to be withdrawn,- a pair ofconical members inline with each other across the outer end ofsaid inlet pipe with their bases toward each other and open and separated from each other to leave a passage-between them, a h'ood'surroundi'ng the bases of said 'cones at'a distance to leave ian annular space betweensaidbascs and isai'd'hood, and a baffle" projecting beyond ;one ofsaid'bonical members in frontofth'e annular space between said'hood and said Econe. i 3. A wind operatedventilator, having a ipipe E, a" transverse hood B curved about tan axis transverse to that ofth'e pipe- E, sand attached atopp'osite ends to opposite isides of said pipe, a conical deflector D at ttachedto the outer end of said pipe with ;its basewithin said hood and its smaller lend extending forwardiso' as to tend to deiflfe-ct the wind toward" the annular: space between'the hoodandith'e base of the deflector, and a'balfie comprising a plat'e'L- ex tending. about saidfdeflector and in advance" ;of"said"annularspacer 'j '4. A windoperatedventilat'or' having a pipe E, a pairof conicalde'flectorsjD at tached to the outer end ofsaid pipe on a common SLXl-SGXtlIdill'gflClOSS the end ofthe pipe with their base'sfltoward each other and open and separated from each' otherto leave an outlet between them, a hood B surround n the b ffsaid cones at'a distance to/ leave an annular space, and plates L sur;

rounding said conical deflectors and'lo in advance of'said annular space. 1 I

5. A windoperated ventila comprising a pipe'E, a pair of con' deflectors 'D of sheettme'tal fastene Y ponthe end ofsaid pipewith their ses arranged toward each other and en and separated from each leave a passage between them, a

B of sheet metal surrounding said ted passage and fastened upon the end of said pipe, andbafllesLf of sheet'metalsurround ing said conical deflectors and connected di- "rectly to said deflectorsand to said hood;

(3. A wind operated ventilator comprising a pipe E, a pair of conical deflectors D of sheet metal fastened upon the end of said pipe with their opposite ends open and their bases separated from each other to leave a passage between them, a hood B of sheet metal surrounding said passage and fastened upon the end of said pipe, baflies consisting of plates L fastened to said deflectors across their outer ends and extending beyond the circumferences of said outer ends, and members N fastening said hood to said battles at points beyond said circum fe-rences.

7. The combination wit-l1 a car of a Wind operated ventilator having a horizontal inlet pipe, a pair of conical members with Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the their axis parallel to the length of said car, their bases facing and slightly separated from each other to provide an outlet and to permit water to escape at the under side, a hood surrounding the bases of said cones at a distance to leave an annular passage between said bases and said hood, and a baffie projecting beyond one of said conical members in front of said annular passage.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWARD E. GOLD.

WVitnesses:

D. ANTHONY USINA, FRED. lVHITE.

Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). G. 

